During military operations, Israel carried out airstrikes on facilities connected to a railway line built as part of China-Iran cooperation. The project is regarded as part of China’s large-scale Belt and Road Initiative, aimed at developing transport and trade corridors between Asia, the Middle East, and Europe.

The railway line was officially opened on June 3, 2025. The project was implemented with financial support from China, with investments estimated at tens of billions of yuan. The infrastructure was seen as an important element of a land route linking Iranian transport hubs with Chinese logistics chains.

Strikes on facilities associated with this project may have consequences beyond the bilateral confrontation. Damage to infrastructure financed by China affects Beijing’s economic interests and strengthens the international dimension of the conflict.

The Belt and Road Initiative encompasses dozens of countries and is designed to establish sustainable transport corridors. The inclusion of the Iranian direction in this network was viewed as a means of strengthening regional trade and diversifying supply routes.

It remains unclear how serious the damage was and whether it will affect the long-term functioning of the line. There have been no official statements from the parties regarding the extent of the damage or the potential diplomatic consequences of the incident.

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